Professor Maurício Bacci Júnior ministra palestra ao PET Biologia da Unesp Rio Claro

By: Gabriela Andrietta

Professor Maurício Bacci Júnior, a professor at the Institute of Biosciences at São Paulo State University (Unesp) and vice-director of CBioClima, participated in an activity organized by the Unesp Rio Claro Biology Tutorial Education Program (PET). The lecture, titled "The Importance of Biodiversity and the Role of Biologists," addressed central themes of biodiversity and the role of science in understanding and mitigating contemporary environmental challenges.

During the presentation, Bacci explained fundamental concepts of biodiversity, emphasizing that understanding them is essential for scientific advancement and the formulation of public conservation policies. He recalled that the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) establishes essential principles for the preservation and sustainable use of natural resources and "promotes the sustainable use of biodiversity, ensuring that natural resources are used in a manner that does not compromise their integrity, as well as ensuring the fair repatriation of benefits derived from the use of biological resources."

When discussing the impacts on biodiversity, the professor highlighted the central role of microorganisms. He presented images of the immense microbial diversity present in each person, explaining that we are complex ecosystems, composed not only of our cells but also of a vast "microbial forest." This diversity directly influences the health of ecosystems, agricultural productivity, and environmental resilience. He emphasized that there are beneficial and harmful microorganisms, and that whenever microbial biodiversity declines, systems become more vulnerable and susceptible to organisms that can cause harm.

The professor presented how the Molecular Biology laboratory produces research and practical projects on soil productivity and the health of bees, ants, and other microorganisms. The initiatives involve studies with shrimp, pollination, biological control, and species interactions, offering opportunities for students to become agents of environmental change, applying science to solve real-world problems.

Bacci also presented DNA sequencers and devices capable of generating microbial diversity graphs. This technology enables accurate diagnoses of biodiversity in soils, plants, and organisms, demonstrating how science offers strategic tools for conserving ecosystems and supporting sustainable food production. He emphasized that healthy, biodiverse soils increase agricultural productivity and that the activities of ants contribute to nutrient cycling and soil fertility.

The professor also emphasized that CBioClima works on various dimensions of biodiversity and climate change, involving studies of plants, animals, soils, and aquatic ecosystems. During the lecture, the discussion focused on the microbial dimension, demonstrating how microorganisms influence ecosystem health, agricultural productivity, and environmental resilience.

Another point discussed was the concept of One Health, in which human health depends on the health of the environment and the quality of food. Sustainable agricultural systems, rich biodiversity, and balanced ecosystems are essential to ensuring environmental, social, and economic health.

The professor also reflected on education and awareness, highlighting our role in society as biologists and citizens. He explained that science requires time, planning, and methodological rigor, and that the production of scientific knowledge does not happen instantly. In contrast, false information spreads quickly and takes much less time.

Bacci reinforced the role of PET Biology students as ambassadors of Biology, who must act as agents of awareness. They must communicate science clearly and in a well-founded manner, based on solid scientific foundations, so that their opinions are credible and combat misinformation. Biodiversity is a foundation of human health and well-being, and its preservation is essential for a sustainable future.

PET Biology students had the opportunity to discuss science, communication, and the challenges of research in Brazil. The activity integrates the group's teaching, research and outreach activities, promoting critical reflection on the role of biologists in contemporary society.